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(No Model.) 2 SheetS-Sheet 1.

A. B. FERNALD & D. T. LAWSON. APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING GRAIN, 850;

No. 337,388. Patented Mar. 9, 1886 w a I iv 6 J i n ll MZyzaflea: I ILiar/67230711 W I W5 v N. PETERS. Phuio-Lilhugraphen Wfllhillglen. D Q

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. B. PERNALD & D. T. LAWSON. APPARATUS FOR TRANSFBRRING GRAIN, am.

No. 337,388. Patented Man-9, 1886.

.. Mk9 'ZLvf TJM N, PETERS. PhotnLilhogmpher. Washington. D.C

ilmrno STATES PATENT Drama.

ALEXANDER B. FERNALD AND DAVID T. LANVSON, OF JERSEY CITY, N. J.

APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING GRAIN 8w.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 337,388, dated March 9,1886.

Application filed January 21, 1885. Serial No. 153,495. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ALEXANDER B. FER- NALD and DAVID T. Lawson, bothresidents of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of NewJersey, have in ented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus forTransferring Grain and other Material,which improvement is fully setforth in the following specification.

This invention has more particular reference to means orapparatus,operated by the action of compressed air or gas, or similaragent, for the transfer of grain or like material from one receptacle toanother, as from a bin or elevator to a car or vessel, or vice versa.

Its object is mainly to increase the efficiency of such apparatus, so asto utilize the force of the agent (air or gas) to the best effect, torender the apparatus portable, and to enable it to preserve its properposition in shifting the pile of grain or other material to betransferred.

In the present invention the nozzle from which issues the jet of air orother agent is V constructed to surround the orifice through which thecolumn of grain passes, instead of being placed in the same, and is notannular, but oval or elongated in shape, we having found that by suchconstruction a much greater efficiency of action is obtained than withan annular jet of the same cross'sectional area. This is mainlyattributable to the fact that with an oval or elongated jet-orifice allportions of the ascending column of grain are effectively actedupon,whereas with an annular jet (if it be of any considerable size) thecenter of the column is too remote for efficient action from the issuingjet.

The apparatus is preferably provided with two jet-nozzles orejeotors,arranged to act one directly in advance of the other, the tubesforming the same being inclosed one in the other. The second jet may beconstructed to act in the midst of the column of grain, but preferablyis arranged, like the first, to act around the periphery thereof. Thearrangement in a grain-conveyer of two jet-nozzles or ejectors, one inadvance of the other, is, however, believed to be new, irrespective ofthe particular construction of the nozzles or ejectors. Further, theinvention contemplates the combination of a supply-reservoir with one ormore delivering pipes, each having its ejector or ejectors, the partsbeing fastened together and constructed to form a compact portableapparatus, easily transported from place to place. It also contemplatesthe combination,with an air-reservoir,of two or more delivering-pipes,duplicates of each other, arranged at equal distances from saidreservoir and connected therewith by suitable air-inlets in which cocksmay be placed.

We construct the apparatus, whether composed of one, two, or moredelivering-pipes, so that it may rest upon the pile of grain or othermaterial without sinking too deeply into the same.

To facilitate the transfer of the grain, the

conveying-pipes may be inclined more or less to the horizontal, wherebythe grain is more easily drawn into the pipes.

The present invention comprises,in addition to the new improvementsabove indieated,the union or combination of two or more of them, andcertain particular constructions and arrangements of parts hereinafterfully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification,Figure 1 is a view in vertical section of a simple form of apparatusconstructed in accordance with the invention; Fig. 2, a side view of anapparatus having duplicate grain delivering devices; Fig. 3, a frontelevation of same, (showing the air-reservoir in section;) Fig. 4, anelevation, partly in section, of an apparatus havingfour grain-pipesconnected with acentral reservoir; Fig. 5, a cross-section of the same;and Figs. 6 and 7 detail views showing the construction of thejet-nozzles or ejeotors.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1, A is the outer shell or casing ofthe apparatus, and forms the reservoir for the compressed aingas, orother agent,which is admitted under pressure by inlet-opening a. Thisreservoir surrounds the grain tubes and ejcctors. The grain-inlet pipeor tube B passes through the bottom of the reservoir, projectingslightly below it, and is notched at the end to facilitate admission ofthe grain. Surrounding this tube is a second tube, 0, (see also Figs. 6and 7,)

sufficiently large to leave a narrow space between the two pipes for thepassage of air, which discharges at b. The tube 0 flares outwardly atits lower end, 0, where the air enters from the reservoir. This tube 0extends up into a tube or pipe, G, which forms the neck and continuationof reservoir A, between which and said tube is formed the secondairdischarge, d. The tubes B O and the tube or neck G of reservoir orshell A are elongated or oval in shape at the points ofdisehargeb d, asseen in Fig. 7. They may be flattened throughout their whole length,though this is not essential. By this construction the best effect ofthe force of the air-current is realized, as already explained.

In operation a current of air rushcsinto the passage 0, graduallyincreasing in force as the passage contracts until it discharges atbwith considerable velocity. The partial vacuum thus created draws thegrain or other material upon which the vessel A is placed throughinlet-pipe 13 until it passes the point 12, when it is acted upondirectly by the air-jet and carried forward to the point (Z,\Vh(31(3 itsmomeutum is greatly augmented bythe air-jet passing through passage 6and discharging through thejet orifice or nozzle (1. AtEit passes intothe conveying-hose, which is attached at that point to thedelivering-tube G.

It will be observed that the shell or casing A has a broad undersurface, which is slightly rounded. This construction aided by the pro 0jection of the grain-inlet tube B,'tends to keep the apparatusin anupright position upon the pile ofgrain, and to prevent its sinking toodeeply therein, the broad bottom acting as a check or step.

In Figs. 2 and 3 the invention is shown embodied in an apparatus havingtwo deliveringpipes, G. The construction of each conveyingpassage issubstantially the same as that of the single conveying apparatus shownin Fig. 1, comprising a reservoir, A, terminating in the tubeG andinclosing the ejectors. (Not shown.) In this case, however, thereservoir A is smaller in size, a main reservoir, A, be,- ing placedmidway between the tubes, and connected with reservoirs A by short pipesg, in which cocks It may be placed. The pipes 9 also serve as amechanical connection between the parts, which are further securedtogether and steadied by braces z.

The apparatus is connected with a hinged leg, H, whereby thedelivery-tubes may beset at any desired angle. By thus inclining thegrain-passage the lifting of the material is more easily accomplishedthan when vertical tubes are used. Moreover, the reaction of the airdischarged through the jet-orifices tends to push the ends of the pipesB a proper distance into the grain. Fenders or stops 7:: prevent themsinking too far, answering the same purpose in this respect as the shapeof the shell or vessel A in Fig. 1.

Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, (the latter being a section on line m w ofthe former,) the apparatus is shown as provided with fourgraindelivering pipes or passages, G, arranged around and at equaldistances from a central reservoir, A, and fastened thereto by the time.

plate j and short pipes g, which latter also serve to admit the motiveagent from reservoir A to the reservoir A. -I3raees 1' may also be usedto impart additional strength to the structure. Each of the fourgrain-passages is the duplicate of the others, and is substan tiallylike that of Fig. 1. is admitted by cocks h through pipes g to thereservoir A, and passes through the elongated or oval jet-orifices d (1,formed by the flattened tubes B G. The bottom of reservoir A extendsslightly below the level of the grain: inlet tubes B, so that all ofthese cannot be in contact with'the floor of the bin at the same \Vhen,therefore, the material in the Air (or other agent) chamber is nearlyexhausted,and the reservoir A touches the floor, at least one of thetubes will be raised far enough above the latter to be operative. Whenthis occurs, the supply of air can be cut off from the other pipes bymeans of cocks h. The pipes G, as shown, are slightly inclined. Thebroad under surface of reservoir A acts as a check or stop, like that ofreservoir A in Fig. 1.

In Figs. 6 and 7 the construction of the eiectors is illustrated on alarger scale than in the other views, Fig. 6 being a partial verticalsection, and Fig. 7 a cross-section on line y y of the former.

The flattened tubes 13 G are secured together in any desired way-as bybraces 0and the tube B is secured, as shown at p, to the bottom of thereservoir. The tube 0 may also be fastened by braces to tube or neck G,as show u. Of course any ordinary or suit-able way of securing theseparts rigidly together may be followed.

It will be observed that all the apparatus described embodysubstantially the same features, and are the same in principle. Eachconstitutes a light, strong, and portable device, which can be readilymoved from one place to another, and which does not require to be hung,held, or fastened in place, but need only be placed in the bin orchamber containing the grain or other material, in which it willmaintain its proper position, sinking down as the quantity of suchmaterial gradually diminishes.

It is obvious that various other modifications in addition to thosespecially pointed out may be made, and that some of the improvements maybe used separately from the others, without in either case departingfrom the spirit of the invention.

Having now fully described our said invention, and the manner in whichthe same is or may be carried into effect, what we claim is- 1. In adevice for conveying grain or other material, the combinatiomwith thegrain-inlet pipe or tube, of a surrounding pipe or tube forming ajet-orifice for the compressed air or gas by which the grain is lifted,said pipes or tubes being elongated or oval in shape at the point ofdischarge, substantially as described. 2. A grain conveyor operating bycompressed air, gas, or similar means, havingan oval or elongatedjet-orifice which discharges in the direction of the moving grain,substantially as described.

3. In a pneumatic grain-conveyor, the com- 5 bination, with thegrain-pipe, of two ejectors or jet orifices, the one directly in advanceof the other, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the air-reservoir having a contracted andflattened prolongation or neck, a tube or pipe within the same,alsoflattened at its upper end,so as to form an oval or elongatedjet-orifice, and a second tube or grain-inlet, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a pneumatic grain-conveyer, the combination,with the air-reservoirand deliveringpipe forming a prolongation thereof, of two concentrictubes arranged therein to form two jet-orifices or ejectors, one infront of the others, and both surrounding the grain-orifice,substantially as described.

6. In a grain-conveyor, the combination of an air-reservoir and threeconcentric tubes flattened at their upper ends and arranged, asspecified, to form two oval or elongated jetorifices, one in advance ofthe other, substantially as described.

7. The combination,with acentral air-reservoir, of two or moregrain-pipes, an ejector or jet-orifice in each pipe, and connections forsupplying air thereto from said reservoir, substantially as described.

8. In a grain-conveyer, the combination,with two or more graindelivering pipes comprising each an inclosing air-reservoir, agraininlet, and an ejector having an oval dischargeorifice, of a centralreservoir supported between said pipes and connected with saidfirstnamed reservoirs, substantially as described.

9. The combination of an air-reservoir, one or more delivering-pipescontaining each an ejector or ejectors, and means, as specified, forkeeping said pipe or pipes in an inclined position, substantially asdescribed.

10. A portable pneumatic grain-conveying 4 5 apparatus comprising anair-reservoir, agraininlet, a deliveringpipe, and an ejector orejectors, said apparatus being adapted to rest in or upon the materialto be transferred, and being constructed and arranged, as specified, tomaintain its proper position therein, substantially as described.

11. The combination of-a central air-reservoir and two or moregrain-delivering pipes connected therewith and constructed substantiallyas described, the bottom of said reservoir projecting below the lowerends of the grain-pipes, as and for the purpose set forth.

12. In a pneumatic grain-conveyer, the combination, with the grain pipeor pipes provided each with an ejector, of an air-reservoir connectedtherewith, said reservoir having a broad under surface adapted to restupon the grain or material to be transferred, substantially asdescribed.

13. Apneumaticgrain-delivering apparatus comprising an air-reservoir, agrain-inlet, an ejector or ejectors, and means, such as specified, toprevent the apparatus sinking too far into the material to betransferred, substan-' tially as described.

14. A portable pneumatic grain-conveying apparatus comprising thefollowing elements in combination: a main air-reservoir, two or moregrain-pipes having each two oval or elongated jet-orifices orejectors,arranged one in front of the other, and a grain-inlet, shortpipes for supplying air to said ejectors from said reservoirs, cocksinsaid pipes,and means, asspecified, for enabling the apparatus tomaintain its position in the pile of grain or other material to betransferred, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALEXANDER B. FERNALD. DAVID T. LAWSON. \Vitnesses:

L. H. ROGERS, H. D. ROGERS.

